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rainbow ridge opal
OPAL WORLDWIDE

Central America

The belt of volcanic rocks in which the Mexican opal occurs extends both north into the western United States, and south through the Central American states into South America. The best known occurrence appears to be that in Honduras. It occurs in an area difficult of access, and there has been no commercial production. According to Leechman, quoting from Bauer, the opal may occur in small cavities, but in some cases occurs in bands or veins, sometimes only partly filled with opal, confirming the deposition from an aqueous medium. At other times the opal may be found impregnating and cementing what was apparently a porous volcanic rock, perhaps a tuff.

Precious opal has been reported from other Central American countries such as Nicaragua and Gautemala, but not in commercial quantities.

United States of America

Precious opal has been reported from numerous localities in the western part of the United States. It is found in small quantities in volcanic rocks in the far western states, from California through to Washington, but by far the most important occurrence is that of Rainbow Ridge in Virgin Valley, Nevada. As Leechman (R0384) notes

"... the area of Rainbow Ridge constitutes the largest and by far the best known deposit in the United States. The exact date of the discovery of opal there has long been a subject of debate amongst the old residents of the region. It is generally accepted that in either 1905 or 1906, some say 1908, a pony-express rider crossing the valley floor at midday was attracted by a flaming mass of rock and it was his investigations that established the field."

In the Rainbow Ridge mine some cavities may be filled with opal, while adjacent cavities may be empty; small seams yielding very small pieces of opal occur in the rock around the pseudomorphed wood.

The colour of the opal from Rainbow Ridge is often exceptional, and much of it rivals the black opal of Lightning Ridge. H.C. Dake, as quoted by Leechman (R0348) states:

"The finest Nevada opal is black and without the benefit of any black backing material. The so-called black opal of Australia is wholly different from the Nevada black opal, but the former is no less magnificent, and the finest gem grades are much more valuable than the Nevada, due largely to the fact that the Australian stones will stand intact in cabochons, which cannot be said of the Nevada."

It is an unfortunate fact that a high proportion of the Virgin Valley opal, much of which is otherwise of very high quality, is highly prone to cracking and crazing, so that much of the opal found is sold and retained as uncut specimen material.